{"id":5241,"date":"2014-04-07T04:25:26","date_gmt":"2014-04-07T03:25:26","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/soerenkern.com\/?p=5241"},"modified":"2014-05-10T17:00:11","modified_gmt":"2014-05-10T16:00:11","slug":"german-pledges-return-nazi-looted-art","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/2014\/04\/07\/german-pledges-return-nazi-looted-art\/","title":{"rendered":"German Pledges to Return Nazi-Looted Art"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/germany-gurlitt-art-focus.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5242\" src=\"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/germany-gurlitt-art-focus.jpg\" alt=\"germany gurlitt art focus\" width=\"930\" height=\"582\" srcset=\"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/germany-gurlitt-art-focus.jpg 930w, https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/germany-gurlitt-art-focus-300x187.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 930px) 100vw, 930px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><em>Investigators searching for art looted by the Nazis have discovered a hoard of more than 200 artworks stashed away at a house in Austria belonging to Cornelius Gurlitt, the son of infamous German art dealer Hildebrand Gurlitt.<\/em><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><strong>German Pledges to Return Nazi-Looted Art<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Soeren Kern | <a title=\"German Pledges to Return Nazi-Looted Art\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gatestoneinstitute.org\/4249\/germany-gurlitt-looted-art\" target=\"_blank\">Gatestone Institute<\/a> | April 7, 2104<\/p>\n<p>Investigators searching for art looted by the Nazis have discovered a hoard of more than 200 artworks stashed away at a house in Austria belonging to Cornelius Gurlitt, the son of infamous German art dealer Hildebrand Gurlitt.<\/p>\n<p>The find, which was revealed on March 26, comes in addition to the sensational trove of nearly 1,400 works of art <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gatestoneinstitute.org\/4048\/germany-stolen-art\" target=\"_blank\">previously discovered<\/a> at Gurlitt\u2019s apartment in Germany in 2012.<\/p>\n<p>Cornelius Gurlitt, 81, inherited the collection\u2014estimated to be worth \u20ac1 billion ($1.35 billion)\u2014from his father, who helped the Nazi regime hoard art plundered from Jews during the Second World War. Hildebrand Gurlitt is believed to have acquired many of the works in the collection at a pittance from Jews fleeing Nazi persecution.<\/p>\n<p>The latest trove involves 180 works <a href=\"http:\/\/www.spiegel.de\/kultur\/gesellschaft\/gurlitt-sammlung-mehr-werke-in-salzburg-als-gedacht-a-960986.html\" target=\"_blank\">discovered<\/a> behind a false wall at Gurlitt\u2019s second residence in Salzburg, on the Austrian border with Germany. Investigators had <a href=\"http:\/\/www.zeit.de\/kultur\/kunst\/2014-02\/gurlitt-kunstwerke-salzburg\" target=\"_blank\">previously found<\/a> 58 other works in the same house during a search on February 10.<\/p>\n<p>All in all, the Salzburg portion of the collection encompasses 238 works, including paintings, water colors and drawings by Paul C\u00e9zanne, Paul Gauguin, Claude Monet, Pablo Picasso, Pierre-Auguste Renoir and Henri de Toulouse-Lautrec, among others.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/gurlitt-art.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5243\" src=\"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/gurlitt-art.jpg\" alt=\"gurlitt art\" width=\"600\" height=\"360\" srcset=\"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/gurlitt-art.jpg 600w, https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/gurlitt-art-300x180.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 600px) 100vw, 600px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>The trail leading to the artworks began in September 2010, when customs officers carrying out a routine check on a train bound for Munich found that Cornelius was carrying an envelope containing a large amount of cash in crisp new bills.<\/p>\n<p>One year later, Cornelius drew attention when he sold a 1930s painting\u2014The Lion Tamer (L\u00f6wenb\u00e4ndiger) by the German artist Max Beckmann\u2014through the Cologne auction house <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lempertz.com\/\" target=\"_blank\">Lempertz<\/a> for \u20ac864,000 ($1.2 million). According to art experts, Lempertz has a long history of <a href=\"http:\/\/art-crime.blogspot.com\/2013\/11\/kunsthaus-lempertz-auction-house-in.html\" target=\"_blank\">trafficking in art<\/a> confiscated from Jews.<\/p>\n<p>In March 2012, during a raid of his apartment in the Schwabing district of Munich, police discovered a stash of 1,379 works of art\u2014sketches, oil paintings, charcoals, lithographs and watercolors\u2014stored behind mountains of canned food.<\/p>\n<p>Although German public prosecutors confiscated the trove, its existence was concealed from the public for nearly two years until November 2013, when an <a href=\"http:\/\/www.focus.de\/kultur\/kunst\/nazi-raubkunst-meisterwerke-zwischen-muell-fahnder-entdecken-kunstschatz-in-milliardenhoehe_aid_1147066.html\" target=\"_blank\">expos\u00e9<\/a> published by the German newsmagazine <em>Focus<\/em> forced the German government to come clean.<\/p>\n<p>The ensuing outcry over the government\u2019s mishandling of the matter led it to appoint a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lostart.de\/Content\/02_Aktuelles\/2014\/14-01-28%20EN%20PM%20Taskforce%20gibt%20Besetzung%20bekannt.html?nn=9842\" target=\"_blank\">scholarly task force<\/a> charged with researching the trove and the history of its ownership.<\/p>\n<p>Officially known as the Schwabing Art Trove Task Force (Schwabinger Kunstfund), the group has already returned several hundred items to Gurlitt that have been determined legally to be his. These include works acquired by Hildebrand Gurlitt before the Nazis came to power in 1933 or created after the fall of the Nazi regime in 1945.<\/p>\n<p>Of the 970 artworks that remain in government custody, 380 pieces are believed to involve so-called <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Degenerate_art\" target=\"_blank\">degenerate art<\/a> that the Nazis confiscated mainly from public collections and museums. The remaining 590 items are currently being examined to determine whether they were stolen or extorted from Jewish owners.<\/p>\n<p>The task force is also compiling a photographic database of artworks in the Gurlitt Collection. These can be found at an official German government website called <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lostart.de\/Webs\/EN\/Datenbank\/KunstfundMuenchen.htmlwww.lostart.de\" target=\"_blank\">LostArt<\/a>. The process of cataloguing and authenticating the collection could last for several years.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/gurlitt.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter size-full wp-image-5244\" src=\"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/gurlitt.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"302\" height=\"389\" srcset=\"https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/gurlitt.jpg 302w, https:\/\/soerenkern.com\/web\/wp-content\/uploads\/2014\/05\/gurlitt-232x300.jpg 232w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 302px) 100vw, 302px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p>Meanwhile, Cornelius Gurlitt has created a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gurlitt.info\/en\/\" target=\"_blank\">website<\/a> aimed at telling his side of the story. Gurlitt has long maintained that his father obtained the works legally and that he would not voluntarily give anything back to the previous owners.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cThere are no legal grounds that would compel Cornelius Gurlitt to return the so-called looted art,\u201d Gurlitt writes on his website. \u201cIn addition, the right to seek the return of looted art has long ago expired since the German Civil Code provides a statute of limitations of thirty years after the first instance of theft,\u201d he adds.<\/p>\n<p>But in a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.gurlitt.info\/en\/press-releases\/press-releases-26-03-2014.html\" target=\"_blank\">press release<\/a> dated March 26, Gurlitt now says he wants to return any pieces that were stolen or extorted from Jewish families. \u201cIf the works in Salzburg or Schwabing should be justifiably suspected of being Nazi-looted art, please give them back to their Jewish owners,\u201d he says.<\/p>\n<p>\u201cWe are currently working on a restitution policy based on the Washington principles [on Nazi-looted art] that we will rely on in the future as a reasonable and uniform basis for negotiating with claimants. We will apply it just as consistently in cases that likely involve looted art as in those cases that are less clear or not clear at all,\u201d the statement adds.<\/p>\n<p>Lawyers for Gurlitt are <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dw.de\/fall-gurlitt-r%C3%BCckgabe-der-sitzenden-frau\/a-17523232\" target=\"_blank\">said to be<\/a> in talks to return a well-known oil painting\u2014\u201cSitting Woman\u201d by Henri Matisse\u2014to the descendants of Paul Rosenberg, a French art collector whose family recognized the work when it was made public in late 2013. The Nazis are believed to have stolen the work from Rosenberg when they looted his art gallery in Paris in 1940.<\/p>\n<p>In a separate claim, David Toren, an 88-year-old Holocaust survivor from New York City, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lootedart.com\/web_images\/pdf2014\/Complaint%20Toren%20v%20Germany%20and%20Bavaria.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">filed a lawsuit<\/a> against Germany on March 5 for the return of a 1901 painting\u2014\u201cTwo Riders on the Beach\u201d by the Jewish painter Max Liebermann\u2014he says was stolen in the late 1930s from his great uncle in Germany.<\/p>\n<p>The suit, which was filed in US District Court in Washington, DC, states: \u201cEvery day that Defendants deprive the rightful owners of possession of the Nazi-stolen works of art, the perpetuate the persecution of Nazi victims. Germany and Bavaria have not explained why they kept their discovery of Nazi-looted art secret for almost two years. Nor have they explained why they believed such secrecy would aid, rather than impede, their efforts to determine the artworks\u2019 rightful owners.\u201d<\/p>\n<p>But confusion reigns over who actually has the legal right to negotiate the return these or any other items in Gurlitt\u2019s collection. While German authorities say they\u2014not Gurlitt\u2014are the ultimate arbiters of the artworks, Gurlitt argues the government had no legal right to seize the collection in the first place.<\/p>\n<p>In a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.faz.net\/aktuell\/feuilleton\/kunst\/der-fall-gurlitt\/beschwerde-der-anwaelte-schadenersatz-fuer-cornelius-gurlitt-12810121.html\" target=\"_blank\">lawsuit<\/a> filed on February 14, Gurlitt contends that German authorities used false charges of tax evasion as a pretext for illegally seizing his art collection and that his property should be returned to him without delay. He notes he has not been charged with a crime and, in any event, the statute of limitations for items looted by the Nazis expired in 1975.<\/p>\n<p>German authorities are now working to forestall Gurlitt with a <a href=\"http:\/\/www.justiz.bayern.de\/media\/pdf\/gesetze\/kulturgut_rs.pdf\" target=\"_blank\">proposed law<\/a>\u2014known in Germany as the Lex Gurlitt\u2014that would lift the country\u2019s 30-year statute of limitations for certain cases involving stolen property. The bill, submitted on the same day that Gurlitt filed his lawsuit, requires approval from the government of Chancellor Angela Merkel and both houses of Parliament.<\/p>\n<p>Although previous attempts to change the law\u2014most recently in 2001\u2014have ended in failure, growing international criticism over Germany\u2019s handling of the Gurlitt Affair may provide German lawmakers with sufficient motivation to pass the bill this time around.<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"SoerenKern.com\" href=\"http:\/\/www.soerenkern.com\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Soeren Kern<\/em><\/a><em> is a Senior Fellow at the New York-based <\/em><a title=\"Gatestone Institute\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gatestoneinstitute.org\/\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Gatestone Institute<\/em><\/a><em>. He is also Senior Fellow for European Politics at the Madrid-based Grupo de Estudios Estrat\u00e9gicos \/ Strategic Studies Group. Follow him on <\/em><a title=\"Soeren Kern Facebook\" href=\"http:\/\/www.facebook.com\/Soeren.Kern\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Facebook<\/em><\/a><em> and on <\/em><a title=\"Soeren Kern Twitter\" href=\"http:\/\/twitter.com\/SoerenKern\" target=\"_blank\"><em>Twitter<\/em><\/a><em>.<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Link to Original Article: <a title=\"German Pledges to Return Nazi-Looted Art\" href=\"http:\/\/www.gatestoneinstitute.org\/4249\/germany-gurlitt-looted-art\" target=\"_blank\">http:\/\/www.gatestoneinstitute.org\/4249\/germany-gurlitt-looted-art<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>May 6, 2014 Update:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Cornelius Gurlitt, Scrutinized Son of Nazi-Era Art Dealer, Dies at 81\" href=\"http:\/\/www.nytimes.com\/2014\/05\/07\/arts\/design\/cornelius-gurlitt-son-of-nazi-era-art-dealer-has-died.html\" target=\"_blank\">Cornelius Gurlitt, Scrutinized Son of Nazi-Era Art Dealer, Dies at 81<\/a> | New York Times | May 6, 2014<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Cornelius Gurlitt, Hoarder of Nazi-Era Art Trove, Dies at 81\" href=\"http:\/\/www.bloomberg.com\/news\/2014-05-06\/cornelius-gurlitt-hoarder-of-nazi-era-art-trove-dies-at-81.html\" target=\"_blank\">Cornelius Gurlitt, Hoarder of Nazi-Era Art Trove, Dies at 81<\/a> | Bloomberg | May 6, 2014<\/p>\n<p><strong>May 8, 2014 Update:<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Art Collection Believed to Include Nazi-Looted Works Left to Swiss Museum\" href=\"http:\/\/online.wsj.com\/article\/BT-CO-20140507-710435.html\" target=\"_blank\">Art Collection Believed to Include Nazi-Looted Works Left to Swiss Museum<\/a> | Wall Street Journal | May 7, 2014<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Art Hoarder Gurlitt Leaves Trove to Swiss Art Museum\" href=\"http:\/\/www.dw.de\/art-hoarder-gurlitt-leaves-trove-to-swiss-art-museum\/a-17618142\" target=\"_blank\">Art Hoarder Gurlitt Leaves Trove to Swiss Art Museum<\/a> | Deutsche Welle | May 7, 2014<\/p>\n<p><a title=\"Swiss Museum Says it Would Return All Nazi-Looted Works\" href=\"http:\/\/online.wsj.com\/news\/articles\/SB10001424052702304655304579549880169810884?mg=reno64-wsj&amp;url=http%3A%2F%2Fonline.wsj.com%2Farticle%2FSB10001424052702304655304579549880169810884.html\" target=\"_blank\">Swiss Museum Says It Would Return All Nazi-Looted Works<\/a> | Wall Street Journal | May 8, 2014<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Investigators searching for art looted by the Nazis have discovered a hoard of more than 200 artworks stashed away at a house in Austria belonging to Cornelius Gurlitt, the son of infamous German art dealer Hildebrand Gurlitt.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[141],"tags":[9,179,142],"class_list":["post-5241","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","hentry","category-special-interest","tag-europe","tag-germany","tag-nazi-art"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.4 - 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